An as yet unpublished study conducted by Farley and Robinson used a quality methodology to address the question that low income children are disadvantaged by the lack of computer access at home. The study randomly providing resources to some low income families and concluded:
“We find that even though the experiment had a large effect on computer ownership and total hours of computer use, there is no evidence of an effect on a host of educational outcomes, including grades, standardized test scores, credits earned, attendance, and disciplinary actions,” explains the new report, contradicting previous evidence that children without Internet had a severe disadvantage on exams.
I will have to see if I can access the present working paper through the university library to read the original document. The details are important, but the random assignment method used to provide access is a treatment few researchers interested in this topic can employ. The summary provided by TechCrunch speculated that an increase in online homework activity may have been off set by increases in other activities that may have been counter productive.
P.S. If you are interested in reading the paper, search for the authors. They are making the paper available as a download.